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<resTitle Sync="TRUE">slr_potent_econ_loss_3_pt_2_ft</resTitle>
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<idAbs>&lt;DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"&gt;&lt;DIV&gt;&lt;DIV&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;Vulnerability was assessed for the main Hawaiian Islands using the outputs of coastal hazard exposure modeling (provided separately). Potential economic loss was based on the value of the land and structures from the county tax parcel database permanently lost in the sea level rise exposure area (SLR-XA) for four future sea level rise scenarios: 0.5 foot, 1.1 foot, 2.0 feet and 3.2 feet based on the upper end of the IPCC AR5 RCP8.5 projections. This particular layer depicts potential economic loss using the 3.2-ft (0.9767-m) sea level rise scenario. While the RCP8.5 predicts that this scenario would be reached by the year 2100, questions remain around the exact timing of sea level rise and recent observations and projections suggest a sooner arrival. Potential economic loss was analyzed individually for each hazard (passive flooding, annual high wave flooding, or coastal erosion) at the parcel level and subsequently aggregated in 1-hectare (100 square meter or 1,076 square foot) grids. For the islands of Hawaii, Lanai, and Molokai, the potential economic loss was based solely on passive flooding. Potential economic loss in the SLR-XA area was determined from the highest loss value of any one hazard within the 1-hectare grid, thus avoiding double counting a loss of a particular asset from multiple hazards. Those maximum values for each sector are then summed to determine the total economic loss to property in each grid. Assumptions and Limitations: The vulnerability assessment addressed exposure to chronic flooding with sea level rise. Key assumptions of the economic analysis for the SLR-XA included: (a) loss is permanent; (b) economic loss is based on the value in U.S. dollars in 2016 as property values in the future are unknown; (c) economic loss is based on the value of the land and structures exposed to flooding in the SLR-XA excluding the contents of the property and does not include the economic loss or cost to replace roads, water conveyance systems and other critical infrastructure; and (d) no adaptation measures are put in place that could reduce impacts in the SLR-XA. Economic value data were not available for length of roads, water and wastewater lines, and other public infrastructure due to the variable cost of such infrastructure depending on location, and the complexity and uncertainty involved in design, siting, and construction. Additionally, environmental assets such as beaches and wetlands were not assessed economically due to the complexity in valuing ecosystem services. The loss of both public infrastructure and environmental assets from flooding would result in significant economic loss. Therefore, the total potential economic loss figures estimated in these data are likely an underestimate. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;Data compiled by the Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System (PacIOOS) for the Hawaii Sea Level Rise Viewer hosted at &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;A href="https://pacioos.org/shoreline/slr-hawaii/"&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;https://pacioos.org/shoreline/slr-hawaii/&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/A&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;. For further information, please see the Hawaii Sea Level Rise Vulnerability and Adaptation Report: &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;A href="https://climateadaptation.hawaii.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SLR-Report_Dec2017.pdf"&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;https://climateadaptation.hawaii.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SLR-Report_Dec2017.pdf&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/A&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;</idAbs>
<idPurp>Potential economic loss based on the value of the land and structures in the county tax parcel database permanently lost due to sea level rise, modeled using a 3.2 foot scenario.</idPurp>
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<keyword>Earth Science &gt; Climate Indicators &gt; Atmospheric/Ocean Indicators &gt; Sea Level Rise</keyword>
<keyword>Earth Science &gt; Human Dimensions &gt; Human Settlements &gt; Coastal Areas</keyword>
<keyword>Earth Science &gt; Oceans &gt; Coastal Processes &gt; Sea Level Rise</keyword>
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<keyword>Earth Science &gt; Oceans &gt; Coastal Processes &gt; Sea Level Rise</keyword>
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<useLimit>&lt;DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"&gt;&lt;DIV&gt;&lt;DIV&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;Based on the methodology of sea level rise modeling used in the Hawaii Sea Level Rise Vulnerability and Adaptation Report (Report) and the Hawaii Sea Level Rise Viewer (Viewer), having gone through peer review and publication in the Nature Journal Scientific Reports, the results of this study are sufficiently validated to be appropriately used in land management decisions as the best available information as of the date of publication of the Report, December 2017, consistent with the intent of Act 83 SLH 2014 as amended. This Report is intended to provide a state-wide assessment of Hawaii's vulnerability to sea level rise. The location of projected impacts and economic costs from damages are estimates based on a particular sea level rise scenario. The hazard and vulnerability data and maps provided herein are based on observational data and computer-based models as described in the Report and in published research (Anderson et al., 2018). As with all models, it is important to understand the methods, assumptions, limitations, and uncertainties of the methods used. The risks associated with use or non-use of the results are assumed by the user.&lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;</useLimit>
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